Path to War
Hitler became Chancellor Jan 1930
Germany withdraws from League of Nations Oct 1933
Hitler announces German air force Mar 1935
Mussolini Invades Ethiopia Oct 1935
Hitler occupies Rhineland March 1936
Japan invades China 1937
Germany annexes Austria 1938
World War II
German, Italian and Japanese offensive maneuvers went unchecked
Western fears exaggerated ideological tension
Depression further compounded political tensions
1939
Blitzkrieg
Surprise attacks
Rapid advances
Massive air strikes
Use of all vehicles
Blitzkrieg: Holland 1940
Maginot Line
Concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, artillery casements and other defensive posts on the French/German boarder
Defense for France against German invasion
Established after World War I
It was of little use in 1940 when Germany invaded France for the third time
Early Axis Victories
In April 1940 the quiet time of the war exploded into action.
Hitler launched a series of blitzkrieg.
Norway and and Denmark both fell.
Germany had overrun the Netherlands and Belgium.
Germany along with Italy forced France to surrender.
France Falls
Miracle at Dunkirk
Germans invaded France May 1940.
Retreating Allied forces made it to Dunkirk
Allies trapped between the advancing Nazis and the English Channel
British sent every boat they could get across the English Channel to pick up troops off the beaches of Dunkirk
Miracle at Dunkirk - the retreating allies had lost hope, then the British rescued 338,000 men.
Armistice with France
June 1940
Franco-German Armistice: divided France into two zones
One zone under German occupation
Second zone under French control
By 1942 Germans occupied all of France
World War II
AXIS POWERS:
Germany
Japan
Italy
Battle of Normandy
Propaganda
The Holocaust
Experiments
High-altitude
Freezing
Seawater
Malaria
Mustard Gas
Sulfanilamide
Bone, Muscle, and Nerve Regeneration and Bone Transplantation
Epidemic Jaundice
Sterilization
Spotted Fever
Poison
Incendiary Bomb
Twins
Artificial insemination
Other medical experiments
Death Toll
50 million people died
20 million of them in the Soviet Union
17 million in battle
18 million civilians
78,000 in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
6 million in Nazi gas chambers
1 million Jews in the Einsatzgruppen
80,000 racially “unfit, mental and physical defects” by T-4
The War is Over!
Pearl Harbor, Dec 1941
Roosevelt died April 12, 1945
Harry Truman
Teheran, Yalta, and Potsdam
United Nations
Germany is divided
Russia gets Eastern Europe (annexed Poland)
Japan is reduced and put under U.S. influence
Colonial holdings reconfirmed
Repositioning of the West
Loss of population
End of colonial empires
Advanced weapons monopoly declines
Trade monopoly declines
Economic strengthening of non-Western nations
Technology made isolation impossible
Defining the 20th Century
WWI
The Great Depression
WWII
Resolution of the Cold War
Global population tripled
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